HISPID 5 for HISPID Users

HISPID 5 for HISPID Users describes the HISPID 5 XML Schema in terms of HISPID 3 and HISPID 4 element by element. It documents the decisions made at the HISPID/ABCD Workshop.

HISPID has an almost 20 year history. First released in 1989, HISPID was subsequently released as version 3 in a published book in 1996, and the following version 4 appeared online in 2000. Versions 3 and 4 were based on the ASN.1 format, however HISPID 5 makes a break from this and is implemented in XML. HISPID 5 is available as a download, with examples as noted at HISPID 5.

Document Terminology and Conventions
HISPID 3 and HISPID 4 used the term "field" (or "transfer code") to identify the same thing that the term "element" does in HISPID 5, ABCD and XML in general. Thus a "field" (or "transfer code") in previous versions of HISPID is equivalent to an "element" in HISPID 5 and ABCD. Links to the documentation for ABCD are provided on the shortest XPath possible to maintain readability of this document. In some cases, it may not be possible to know exactly which element we refer to without following the link to the ABCD documentation.

Wherever possible, we have used a standard terminology throughout this document to make it easier to read. The 6 phrases below are used to define the type of change that has occurred in HISPID 5.


 * New HISPID Element
 * An element that is new to HISPID in general &mdash; an element that was missing in HISPID 3 or 4. The following elements are new HISPID elements: cid2, depdet, depsou and NameFormula.


 * Extension to ABCD in HISPID 5
 * An element that corrects a deficiency in ABCD by extending ABCD in our HISPID 5 extension Schema. The element previously existed in HISPID. The following elements are extensions to ABCD in HISPID 5: dont, form, fre, latdeg, latdir, latmin, latsec, londeg, londir, lonmin, lonsec, noncom, numshe, phe, posint, prohis, prot, pru, soil, sub, tcul and veg.


 * HISPID 5 Restriction
 * An element exists in ABCD that has the same meaning as an element in HISPID, but a controlled vocabulary has been added to the ABCD element in the HISPID 5 extension Schema to make the element behave more like HISPID. The HISPID 5 document will not validate correctly if a term other than those documented is used. The following elements are restrictions in HISPID 5: det, geosou, idql, spql, tql, tsta and vlev.


 * HISPID 5 Suggested Restriction
 * An element exists in ABCD that has the same meaning as an element in HISPID, but a decision on a controlled vocabulary has not been made, and thus the terms in the vocabulary are a recommendation rather than a requirement. The following elements are suggested restrictions in HISPID 5: altdet, altsou, ckin, cou, depdet, depsou, desrep, loades, loadis, poscul, posnat, sgn and vou.


 * Excluded from HISPID 5
 * An element from an earlier HISPID version that has been deliberately removed from HISPID 5. The following elements are excluded from HISPID 5: basnam2, basnam3, credat, creins, crenam, daturl, fileaction, filedescriptor, genhy2, isp2au, isp2hy2, isp2rkhy2, isp2rk, isp2, isphy2, isprkhy2, modins, modnam, numrecords, numrep, sphy2, tql2, tql3, tsta2 and tsta3.


 * Unavailable in HISPID 5
 * An element that is not available in HISPID 5, but is likely to be a deficiency of HISPID 5. The following elements are currently unavailable in HISPID 5: cper.

startfile
Start of HISPID 3 File. Maps to the opening tag of the DataSets element, the root element of HISPID 5 and ABCD.

endfile
End of HISPID 3 File. Maps to the closing tag of the DataSets element.

version
Version of File. Defined by the HISPID 5 Schema's default namespace e.g. http://www.chah.org.au/schemas/hispid/5.

numrecords
Number of Records in File. Excluded from HISPID 5 because it can be generated programmatically, and thus is redundant.

datefile
Date of File. Maps to DateModified.

institute
Name of Institution Supplying Information. Maps to Owner/Organisation.

contact
Contact Name. Maps to ContentContact/Name and TechnicalContact/Name. It is common to supply both.

address
Address of Institution Sending File. Maps to ContentContact/Address and TechnicalContact/Address. It is common to supply both.

phone
Telephone Number of Institution. Maps to ContentContact/Phone and TechnicalContact/Phone. It is common to supply both.

fax
Facsimile Number of Institution. Maps to TelephoneNumber/Number + TelephoneNumber/Device =.

email
Email Address of Institution. Maps to ContentContact/Email and TechnicalContact/Email. It is common to supply both.

nonstandard
Non-Standard Option. The way that non-standard content is transferred has changed markedly in HISPID 5. Use ABCD's extension mechanism, as we have done in HISPID 5.

fileaction
File Action Flag. Excluded from HISPID 5 because only the receiving institution knows for certain whether the data needs to be deleted, inserted or updated in its database.

filedescriptor
File Descriptor Flag. Excluded from HISPID 5.

content
Description of File Contents and Other Comments. Maps to Metadata/Description/Representation/Details. However, Metadata/Description/Representation/Title is a mandatory field in ABCD, so this must also be supplied.

daturl
Data Set URL. Excluded from HISPID 5. The nearest equivalent field is DatasetGUID, however the purpose of each is sufficiently different that  is excluded.

Start of HISPID 3 Record. Maps to the opening tag of the Unit element.

End of HISPID 3 Record. Maps to the closing tag of the Unit element.

insid
Institution Code. Maps to SourceInstitutionID.

accid
Accession Identifier. Maps to UnitID.

If a specimen contains more than one accession, and each accession has its own identifier, use HISPID 5.0.3's  element to provide the identifier for each accession separately.

recsou
Source of Record Flag. Maps to RecordBasis.

The vocabulary used in HISPID 5 is that of ABCD. The vocabulary and a mapping from the older HISPID vocabulary is as follows:


 * : HISPID 3 =
 * : HISPID 3 has no equivalent
 * : HISPID 3 has no equivalent
 * : HISPID 3 has no equivalent
 * : HISPID 3 =
 * : HISPID 3 =
 * : HISPID 3 =
 * : HISPID 3 has no equivalent

supfam
Suprafamilial Group Name. Maps to HigherTaxonName + HigherTaxonRank =  (for example).

HISPID 5 and ABCD can transfer as many higher taxon names as exist for the taxon, which removes the limitation in HISPID 3/4 of exactly one higher taxon name. If a taxon is determined only to a genus or higher rank then the GenusOrMonomial element must be filled.

fam
Family Name. Maps to HigherTaxonName + HigherTaxonRank =. See note under supfam.

supgenrk
Suprageneric Group Rank. There is no rank  in ABCD HigherTaxonRank or HISPID 5, thus this field cannot be transferred.

supgen
Suprageneric Group Name. There is no rank  in ABCD HigherTaxonRank or HISPID 5, thus this field cannot be transferred.

hyb
Hybrid Flag (for named hybrids and graft chimeras). Maps to HybridFlag + HybridFlag [ @insertionpoint ] =.

HISPID 3/4 assumes a genus-level hybrid, while HISPID 5 and ABCD have no such restriction. Use the HISPID 3/4 vocabulary.

NameFormula
New HISPID Element. NameFormula permits the exchange of hybrid and other name formulas for the names of complex intergrades and hybrids. Supply the full hybrid or other formula as-is in this element.

For example:

...   Prostanthera cuneata x Prostanthera lasianthos var. subcoriacea   ...

or:

...   Magnolia campbellii subsp. mollicomata x Magnolia sprengeri var. diva   ...

gen
Genus Name. Maps to GenusOrMonomial.

genhy2
Second Hybrid Genus Name. Excluded from HISPID 5, see NameFormula.

subgen
Subgeneric Group Name. Maps to HISPID 5's InfraGenericName + InfraGenericRank =. See also the note under supfam.

spql
Species Qualifier. Maps to NameAddendum.

HISPID 5 Restriction. The vocabulary of the ABCD field is restricted to the following values, which match the vocabulary of earlier HISPID versions:


 * (an aggregate species)
 * (aggregate species - sensu lato)
 * (segregate species - sensu stricto)

sp
Species Epithet. Maps to FirstEpithet.

sphy2
Second Hybrid Species Epithet. Excluded from HISPID 5, see NameFormula.

spau
Species Author. Maps to AuthorTeamParenthesis + AuthorTeam. Only the lowest level is included in ABCD.

isprk
Infraspecific Rank. Maps to Rank. Only lowest level rank is included in ABCD.

isprkhy2
Second Hybrid Infraspecific Rank Flag. Excluded from HISPID 5, see NameFormula.

isp
Infraspecific Epithet. Maps to InfraspecificEpithet.

isphy2
Second Hybrid Infraspecific Epithet. Excluded from HISPID 5, see NameFormula.

ispau
Infraspecific Author. Maps to AuthorTeamParenthesis + AuthorTeam. Only lowest level authorship is included in ABCD.

isp2rk
Second Infraspecific Rank Flag. Excluded from HISPID 5: Only lowest level rank is included in ABCD.

isp2rkhy2
Second Hybrid of the Second Infraspecific Rank Flag. Excluded from HISPID 5, see NameFormula.

isp2
Second Infraspecific Epithet. Excluded from HISPID 5: Only lowest ranked name is included in ABCD.

isp2hy2
Second Hybrid of the Second Infraspecific Epithet. Excluded from HISPID 5, see NameFormula.

isp2au
Second Infraspecific Author. Excluded from HISPID 5: Only lowest ranked name is included in ABCD.

vernam
Vernacular Names. Maps to InformalNameString.

Each individual vernacular name is supplied in a separate InformalNameString element.

culgnam
Cultivar Group Name. Maps to CultivarGroupName.

culnam
Cultivar Name. Maps to CultivarName.

tranam
Trade Designation Name. Maps to TradeDesignationName.

fulnam
Full Name. Maps to FullScientificNameString.

namcom
Name Comments. Maps to NameComments. See also idcom (aka ).

tql
Type Qualifier Flag. Maps to DoubtfulFlag.

HISPID 5 Restriction. The vocabulary of the ABCD field is restricted to the following values, which are similar to the vocabulary of earlier HISPID versions:



One of the above values is supplied in one DoubtfulFlag element, however DoubtfulFlag can be repeated as many times as necessary to supply all the type qualifier flags attributed to one specimen.

tsta
Type Status. Maps to TypeStatus.

HISPID 5 Restriction. The vocabulary of the ABCD field is restricted to the following values, which are similar to the vocabulary of earlier HISPID versions:


 * (type material of unknown status)
 * (type material of unknown status)
 * (type material of unknown status)
 * (type material of unknown status)
 * (type material of unknown status)
 * (type material of unknown status)
 * (type material of unknown status)
 * (type material of unknown status)
 * (type material of unknown status)
 * (type material of unknown status)
 * (type material of unknown status)
 * (type material of unknown status)
 * (type material of unknown status)
 * (type material of unknown status)
 * (type material of unknown status)
 * (type material of unknown status)

One of the above values is supplied in one TypeStatus element, however TypeStatus can be repeated as many times as necessary to supply all the type status values attributed to one specimen.

basnam
Basionym. Maps to TypifiedName/FullScientificNameString.

One basionym is supplied in one Basionym element, however Basionym can be repeated as many times as necessary to supply all the basionyms attributed to one specimen.

tql2
Second Most Recent Type Qualifier. Excluded from HISPID 5, see tql.

tsta2
Second Most Recent Type Status. Excluded from HISPID 5, see tsta.

basnam2
Second Most Recent Basionym. Excluded from HISPID 5, see basnam.

tql3
Third Most Recent Type Qualifier. Excluded from HISPID 5, see tql.

tsta3
Third Most Recent Type Status. Excluded from HISPID 5, see tsta.

basnam3
Third Most Recent Basionym. Excluded from HISPID 5, see basnam.

vlev
Verification Level Flag. Maps to VerificationLevel.

HISPID 5 Restriction. The vocabulary of the ABCD field is restricted to the following values, which are similar to the vocabulary of earlier HISPID versions:


 * - (zero)	The name of the record has not been checked by any authority - includes temporary sorting determinations
 * -	The name of the record determined by comparison with other named plants
 * -	The name of the record determined by a taxonomist or by other competent persons using herbarium and/or library and/or documented living material
 * -	The name of the plant determined by taxonomist engaged in systematic revision of the group
 * -	The record is part of type gathering or propagated from type material by asexual methods

vnam
Verifier's Name. Maps to IdentifiersText. If the verifier's name can be atomised, it is preferrable to use the set of sub-elements rooted at Identifier.

vdat
Verification Date. Maps to ISODateTimeBegin using a different date format specification.

texvdat
Text Verification Date. Maps to DateText.

vlit
Verification Literature. Maps to TitleCitation.

vhist
Verification History. Maps to IdentificationHistory. If the verification history can be atomised, it is preferrable to use the set of sub-elements rooted at Identifications.

det
Determinavit. Maps to IdentifierRole.

HISPID 5 Restriction. The vocabulary of the ABCD field is restricted to the following values, which are similar to the vocabulary of earlier HISPID versions:


 * - confirmavit (identifier has agreed with i.e. confirmed the identification).
 * - citavit (used when a specimen is cited in a publication).
 * - determinavit (the identifier has determined the identification).
 * - scripsit (identification communicated in written correspondence).
 * - vidit (identification seen and communicated verbally).
 * - upgrade (taxonomic update based on literature - where specimen not cited).
 * - temporary sorting slip (used to temporarily name a specimen prior to critical examination).

rkql
Rank Qualifier Flag. Maps to IdentificationQualifier [ @insertionpoint ].

There is a different vocabulary between HISPID and ABCD, but it is possible to map between the two. This is tricky because it depends on the level to which the specimen has been identified. The mapping would be:


 * : no mapping possible (don't supply a value)
 * :  (because if identified to family this has to be included in FullScientificNameString see HigherTaxa)
 * : (if there was a  in ABCD it would map to this, as a result no value should be supplied)
 * : no mapping possible (don't supply a value)
 * : (if there was a  in ABCD it would map to this, as a result no value should be supplied)
 * : no mapping possible (don't supply a value)
 * : no mapping possible (don't supply a value)

idql
Identification Qualifier. Maps to IdentificationQualifier.

HISPID 5 Restriction. The vocabulary of the ABCD field is restricted to the following values, which are similar to the vocabulary of earlier HISPID versions:


 * - Akin to or bordering
 * - Compare with
 * - Incorrect
 * - Perhaps
 * - Close to
 * - Questionable

idcom
Identification Comments. Was new in HISPID 4 but is currently unavailable in HISPID 5. The transfer code  was used twice in HISPID 3, once for comments on the name and once for comments on the identification. In some drafts of HISPID, particularly the HISPID 3 book, this element has been referred to as.

namcom2
A synonym for Identification Comments.

cou
Country. Maps to Gathering/Country/Name.

HISPID 5 Suggested Restriction. The vocabulary of the ABCD element should be restricted to full official country names in maxed case as used in ISO 3166-1. This restriction is by agreement, as it is not enforced in the schema, but it may be in future versions.

iso
ISO code for Country of Origin. Maps to Gathering/Country/ISO3166Code. HISPID constrained the data to the 2-letter ISO3166 value, where ABCD suggests that any of the 2, 3 or 4 letter ISO3166 values is acceptable. Use the full range of values allowed by ABCD in HISPID 5.

wgs
World Geographic Scheme. Maps to AreaCodeStandard = (for example)  + AreaCode. Both values are required.

pru
Primary Subdivision of Country of Origin. Maps to an extension to ABCD in HISPID 5. PrimaryRecordingUnit permits the exchange of the same information as HISPID 3 and 4: The primary recording unit which is the highest order subdivision recognised by the Country of Origin (usually a state or province).

Provide the complete 4-level Geographical scheme (refer Table 4 in Hollis & Brummitt, 1992), the official (frequently political) abbreviations used within the Country of Origin (rather than those of Hollis & Brummitt (1992)), or the name of the state or province in full, e.g. . Where full names are used, supply the data in mixed case rather than capitals or lowercase.

ABCD can be made to store a similar value by using AreaName + AreaClass =  or. It is useful to supply these two elements as well as the HISPID 5 extension element to maximise the compatibility of your document with ABCD.

sru
Secondary Subdivision of Country of Origin. Maps to AreaClass =  + AreaName.

When transferring data related to other standard subdivisions of Australia, use AreaClass with a standard area class name, such as:


 * - Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia
 * - Interim Marine and Coastal Regionalisation for Australia
 * - Local Government Association

The abbreviated form should be used if it is widely understood.

sgu
Special Geographic Unit. Maps to AreaClass =  + AreaName. See sru.

loc
Locality. Maps to LocalityText. If no locality is available, return the exact phrase &apos;without locality&apos;.

alt
Altitude. Maps to Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue + Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UnitOfMeasurement =.

altacy
Accuracy of Altitude. Maps to Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy. Note that ABCD has a single accuracy element whereas HISPID has accuracy for upper and lower values. Use the ABCD approach when supplying data in HISPID 5.

altx
Maximum Altitude. Maps to Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue.

altacyx
Accuracy of Maximum Altitude. Maps to Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy. Note that ABCD has a single accuracy element whereas HISPID has accuracy for upper and lower values. Use the ABCD approach when supplying data in HISPID 5.

altsou
Source of Altitude Accuracy Flag. Maps to Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy.

HISPID 5 Suggested Restriction. The vocabulary of the ABCD element should be restricted to the following values, which are similar to the vocabulary of earlier HISPID versions:


 * - The specimen collector made the measurement
 * - The record compiler made the measurement
 * - The measurement was generated by an automated process, such as a BIOCLIM analysis.

This restriction is not enforced in the schema because ABCD uses the same MeasurementOrFactAtomised structure as a base type for a number of elements, and changing it would cause unrelated elements to be unnecessarily restricted.

altdet
Method of Altitude Determination. Maps to Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Method.

HISPID 5 Suggested Restriction. The vocabulary of the ABCD element should be restricted to the following values, which are similar to the vocabulary of earlier HISPID versions:


 * - Digital Elevation Model
 * - Global Positioning System (GPS) unit

This restriction is not enforced in the schema because ABCD uses the same MeasurementOrFactAtomised structure as a base type for a number of elements, and changing it would cause unrelated elements to be unnecessarily restricted.

dep
Depth. Maps to Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue + Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UnitOfMeasurement =.

depacy
Accuracy of Depth. Maps to Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy. Note that ABCD has a single accuracy element whereas HISPID has accuracy for upper and lower values. Use the ABCD approach when supplying data in HISPID 5.

depx
Maximum Depth. Maps to Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue.

depacyx
Accuracy of Maximum Depth. Maps to Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy. Note that ABCD has a single accuracy element whereas HISPID has accuracy for upper and lower values. Use the ABCD approach when supplying data in HISPID 5.

depsou
Source of Depth Accuracy Flag. New HISPID Element. This element was never made available in HISPID, but is documented here as ABCD makes it possible to supply this information. Maps to Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy.

HISPID 5 Suggested Restriction. The vocabulary of the ABCD element should be restricted to the following values, which are similar to the vocabulary of earlier HISPID versions:


 * - The specimen collector made the measurement
 * - The record compiler made the measurement
 * - The measurement was generated by an automated process, such as a BIOCLIM analysis.

This restriction is not enforced in the schema because ABCD uses the same MeasurementOrFactAtomised structure as a base type for a number of elements, and changing it would cause unrelated elements to be unnecessarily restricted.

depdet
Method of Depth Determination. New HISPID Element. This element was never made available in HISPID, but is documented here as ABCD makes it possible to supply this information. Maps to Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Method.

HISPID 5 Suggested Restriction. The vocabulary of the ABCD element should be restricted to the following values, which are similar to the vocabulary of earlier HISPID versions:


 * - Digital Elevation Model
 * - Global Positioning System (GPS) unit

This restriction is not enforced in the schema because ABCD uses the same MeasurementOrFactAtomised structure as a base type for a number of elements, and changing it would cause unrelated elements to be unnecessarily restricted.

Geographical Coordinates
Geographical coordinates can be supplied in several ways in HISPID 5, as decimal degrees using the standard ABCD elements, as UTM coordinates using the standard ABCD elements, or in the HISPID 5 extension in degrees, minutes and seconds. In most cases it is preferrable to transfer data in decimal degrees using the ABCD decimal degrees. In cases where verbatim degrees, minutes and seconds must be transferred, supply this data using the HISPID 5 extension  in addition to the data in decimal degrees.

See the following HISPID elements for specific information:


 * latdeg
 * latmin
 * latsec
 * latdir
 * londeg
 * lonmin
 * lonsec
 * londir
 * spadat
 * sgp and spapro
 * sgz
 * sge
 * sgn
 * geoacy
 * geosou

It may additionally be useful in some circumstances to transfer degrees, minutes, seconds in a concatenated manner in the CoordinatesText element e.g. . Note the use of commas to separate the individual elements in order, even if a value is missing. The spatial datum is very useful in this context to ensure that even concatenated data can be used in mapping tools and other geographical analyses. Note that using this element may considerably limit the utility of the data, as it requires extra work to source and reuse data supplied in this manner. For UTM data, if it is not possible to atomise this data fully, the UTM elements may also be usefully concatenated and supplied using UTMText, e.g.  composed of the elements:. The use of CoordinatesText and UTMText should be used only when absolutely necessary to ensure the outgoing data is understandable by as many clients as possible.

latdeg
Latitude, Degree. Maps to LatitudeDecimal in decimal degrees format.

The degrees of latitude of the collection locality whether supplied by the collector or derived from other information. When the degrees of latitude must be supplied as a verbatim integer, rather than a decimal, use the extension to ABCD in HISPID 5: HispidGathering/CoordinatesDMS/LatitudeDegrees. This element maps exactly to the older HISPID element, and is retained in HISPID 5 for the purpose of transferring data verbatim.

See also Geographical Coordinates.

latmin
Latitude, Minutes. Maps to LatitudeDecimal in decimal degrees format.

The minutes of latitude of the collection locality whether supplied by the collector or derived from other information. When the minutes of latitude must be supplied as a verbatim integer, rather than a decimal, use the extension to ABCD in HISPID 5: HispidGathering/CoordinatesDMS/LatitudeMinutes. This element maps exactly to the older HISPID element, and is retained in HISPID 5 for the purpose of transferring data verbatim.

See also Geographical Coordinates.

latsec
Latitude, Seconds. Maps to LatitudeDecimal in decimal degrees format.

The integer seconds of latitude of the collection locality whether supplied by the collector or derived from other information. When the seconds of latitude must be supplied as a verbatim integer, rather than a decimal, use the extension to ABCD in HISPID 5: HispidGathering/CoordinatesDMS/LatitudeSeconds. This element maps exactly to the older HISPID element, and is retained in HISPID 5 for the purpose of transferring data verbatim.

See also Geographical Coordinates.

latdir
Latitude, Direction Flag. Maps to LatitudeDecimal in decimal degrees format.

The abbreviated direction of latitude of the collection locality, relative to the equator, whether supplied by the collector or derived from other information. In decimal degrees, the direction of latitude is indicated by using a positive decimal to indicate the northern hemisphere or a negative decimal to indicate the southern hemisphere.

When the direction of latitude must be supplied as a verbatim string, use the extension to ABCD in HISPID 5: HispidGathering/CoordinatesDMS/LatitudeDirection. This element maps exactly to the older HISPID element, and is retained in HISPID 5 for the purpose of transferring data verbatim. The vocabulary of this element is:



See also Geographical Coordinates.

londeg
Longitude, Degree. Maps to LongitudeDecimal in decimal degrees format.

The degrees of longitude of the collection locality whether supplied by the collector or derived from other information. When the degrees of longitude must be supplied as a verbatim integer, rather than a decimal, use the extension to ABCD in HISPID 5: HispidGathering/CoordinatesDMS/LongitudeDegrees. This element maps exactly to the older HISPID element, and is retained in HISPID 5 for the purpose of transferring data verbatim.

See also Geographical Coordinates.

lonmin
Longitude, Minutes. Maps to LongitudeDecimal in decimal degrees format.

The minutes of longitude of the collection locality whether supplied by the collector or derived from other information. When the minutes of longitude must be supplied as a verbatim integer, rather than a decimal, use the extension to ABCD in HISPID 5: HispidGathering/CoordinatesDMS/LongitudeMinutes. This element maps exactly to the older HISPID element, and is retained in HISPID 5 for the purpose of transferring data verbatim.

See also Geographical Coordinates.

lonsec
Longitude, Seconds. Maps to LongitudeDecimal in decimal degrees format.

The seconds of longitude of the collection locality whether supplied by the collector or derived from other information. When the seconds of longitude must be supplied as a verbatim integer, rather than a decimal, use the extension to ABCD in HISPID 5: HispidGathering/CoordinatesDMS/LongitudeSeconds. This element maps exactly to the older HISPID element, and is retained in HISPID 5 for the purpose of transferring data verbatim.

See also Geographical Coordinates.

londir
Longitude, Direction Flag. Maps to LongitudeDecimal in decimal degrees format.

The abbreviated direction of longitude of the collection locality, relative to Greenwich, whether supplied by the collector or derived from other information. In decimal degrees, the direction of longitude is indicated by using a positive decimal to indicate the eastern hemisphere or a negative decimal to indicate the western hemisphere.

When the direction of longitude must be supplied as a verbatim string, use the extension to ABCD in HISPID 5: HispidGathering/CoordinatesDMS/LongitudeDirection. This element maps exactly to the older HISPID element, and is retained in HISPID 5 for the purpose of transferring data verbatim. The vocabulary of this element is:



See also Geographical Coordinates.

spadat
Spatial Datum. Was new in HISPID 4. Maps to SpatialDatum. Use only accepted datum abbreviations, e.g. AGD66, AGD84, WGS84, GDA94.

See also Geographical Coordinates.

sgp
Spatial Grid, Projection. Maps to UTMDatum.

See also Geographical Coordinates.

spapro
A synonym for sgp. See also Geographical Coordinates.

sgz
Spatial Grid Zone. Was new in HISPID 4. Maps to UTMZone.

The numerical Zone corresponding to the central meridian and origin upon which the easting is based. Supply an integer between 1 and 60 inclusive.

See also Geographical Coordinates.

sge
Spatial Grid, Easting. Maps to UTMEasting.

The Map Grid Easting reference of the locality from which the plant specimen was collected. Supply any valid grid reference, in metres. Note that no hemisphere is required, as the spatial grid zone caters for this. See sgz.

See also Geographical Coordinates.

sgn
Spatial Grid, Northing. Maps to UTMNS + UTMNorthing. UTMNS represents the hemisphere of the associated northing.

HISPID 5 Suggested Restriction. The vocabulary of the UTMNS element should be restricted to the values  and   in uppercase. This restriction is by agreement, as it is not enforced in the schema, but it may be in future versions.

See also Geographical Coordinates.

geoacy
Accuracy of Geocode. Maps to CoordinateErrorDistanceInMeters.

The level to which the accuracy of the latitude and longitude of the collected specimen is known, in metres. Note that applications should take into account any rounding done for coordinates. Historically, Australian herbaria have used classes of geocode accuracy to record the accuracy in metres.

See also Geographical Coordinates.

geosou
Source of Geocode Precision. Maps to CoordinateMethod.

An indication of the type measuring system used to generate the geocode, which can be used to infer an understanding of the accuracy (i.e. veracity) of the measurement.

HISPID 5 Restriction. The vocabulary of the ABCD element is restricted to the following values, which are similar to the vocabulary of earlier HISPID versions:



Note that the vocabulary of this element has been extended in HISPID 5.

nnp
Nearest Named Place. Maps to NearNamedPlace.

The nearest named place to the locality of the collection taken from a 1:100,000 topographic map series. Supply any valid place name using conventional mixed case for the full name of the place. If no value is available, use the phrase &apos;not available&apos;.

hab
Habitat. Maps to Gathering/Biotope/Text.

A free text description of the habitat of the location in which this specimen was collected, including the geology and soil type in which the plant grows, as well as the associated species of the plant community. Note that this information is usually provided by the original collector.

top
Topography. Maps to /Gathering/AreaDetail.

A free text description of the topography of the habitat from which the specimen was collected. Information in this element includes landform, situation and the like.

asp
Aspect. Maps to Gathering/Aspect/Ordination.

The abbreviated aspect or outlook of the site from which the plant was collected.

This is a situation where HISPID has a larger vocabulary than ABCD. The ABCD element limits the vocabulary to:



The other terms formerly allowed in HISPID are not defined in either HISPID 5 or ABCD, and thus should not be used:



sub
Substrate. Maps to an extension to ABCD in HISPID 5: /HispidUnit/HispidGathering/Substrate.

A free text description of the substrate or parent rock material in the habitat from which the specimen was collected. This should not include soil type, as that is catered for separately.

For compatibility with ABCD it may be preferrable to supply data in the following manner: Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Parameter =  + Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue + Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/IsQuantitative =.

soil
Soil Type. Maps to an extension to ABCD in HISPID 5: /HispidUnit/HispidGathering/SoilType.

A free text description of the surface soil type from which the specimen was collected.

For compatibility with ABCD it may be preferrable to supply data in the following manner: Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Parameter =  + Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue + /Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/IsQuantitative =.

Discussion: see under sub

veg
Vegetation. Maps to an extension to ABCD in HISPID 5: /HispidUnit/HispidGathering/Vegetation.

A free text description of the vegetation from which the specimen was collected.

For compatibility with ABCD it may preferrable to supply data in the following manner: Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Parameter =  + Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue + Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/IsQuantitative =

Discussion: see under sub

asspp
Associated Species. Maps to ABCD in several places, depending on whether it is possible to atomise the data or not. For an atomised list of associated species, use Gathering/Synecology/AssociatedTaxa supplying one AssociatedTaxa element per taxon name. For a free text listing, used Gathering/Synecology/Comment.

cnam
Primary Collector's Name(s). Maps to ABCD in several places, depending on the level to which it is possible to atomise the data.

The name of the person or persons who made the collection from the wild of this specimen, and whose collection number is cited in Collector's Identifier. See also secondary collector's names, for which the same element structures are used with a minor difference. See also 'Per' Collector, which is accommodated in this element structure with a minor difference.

In AgentText, format the names of people according to HISPID, namely. For all other elements, follow ABCD usage.

Records are sorted using the primarycollector attribute and continues with the sequence attribute. The sequence attribute starts at 1 and increments once for each individual collector.

Highly Atomised
For a highly atomised list of collector's names, use the Person and Organisation structures within GatheringAgent. All of the following elements should be set once for each primary collector.


 * Gathering/Agents/GatheringAgent [ @primarycollector ] =.
 * Gathering/Agents/GatheringAgent [ @sequence ]
 * Gathering/Agents/GatheringAgent/Person/FullName
 * Gathering/Agents/GatheringAgent/Person/SortingName
 * Gathering/Agents/GatheringAgent/Person/AtomisedName

Example 1:

...    W. Bauerlen</FullName> <SortingName>Bauerlen, W.</SortingName> <AtomisedName> <InheritedName>Bauerlen</InheritedName> <GivenNames>W.</GivenNames> </AtomisedName> </Person> </GatheringAgent> <GatheringAgent primarycollector="false" sequence="2"> <Person> <FullName>C.G.G.J van Steenis</FullName> <SortingName>van Steenis, C.G.G.J</SortingName> <AtomisedName> <InheritedName>Steenis</InheritedName> <Prefix>van</Prefix> <GivenNames>C.G.G.J</GivenNames> </AtomisedName> </Person> </GatheringAgent> </Agents> ...

Moderately Atomised
For a moderately atomised list of collector's names, use the repeating element GatheringAgent. All 3 of the following elements under GatheringAgent should be set once for each primary collector.


 * Gathering/Agents/GatheringAgent [ @primarycollector ] =.
 * Gathering/Agents/GatheringAgent [ @sequence ]
 * Gathering/Agents/GatheringAgent/AgentText

Example 2:

... <Agents> <GatheringAgent primarycollector="true" sequence="1"> <AgentText>Bauerlen, W.</AgentText> </GatheringAgent> <GatheringAgent primarycollector="false" sequence="2"> <AgentText>Steenis, C.G.G.J. van</AgentText> </GatheringAgent> </Agents> ...

Free Text
For a free text listing of primary collector's names, use Gathering/Agents/GatheringAgentsText. This is particularly useful when the collectors can not be broken into individual names. It may be useful to concatenate using semicolons for ease of reuse of this textual data, but if this is not possible, supply the original concatenated text unchanged.

Example 3:

... <Agents> <GatheringAgentsText>Bauerlen, W.; Steenis, C.G.G.J. van</GatheringAgentsText> </Agents> ...

cid
Collector's Identifier. Maps to CollectorsFieldNumber.

The sequential or other identifier given to the specimen at the time of collection by the primary collector(s), usually as on specimen label.

cnam2
Secondary Collector's Name. Maps as per Primary Collector's Name(s) except that Gathering/Agents/GatheringAgent [ @primarycollector ] is supplied with a value of  for each secondary collector.

See cnam.

cid2
Secondary Collector's Identifier. New HISPID Element. Maps to a HispidUnit/SecondaryCollectorIdentifier.

In some cases, secondary collectors assign their own collection identifier to the collection event separate from the identifier given by the Primary Collector. It is thus useful to record this information separately from the Primary Collector's identifier.

cper
Per' Collector. Unavailable in ABCD or HISPID 5.' (Although a draft PerCollector element exists in HISPID 5 that has not yet been sufficiently cleaned up for general use.)

Amateur or casual collector who collected the specimen on behalf of the primary collector.

See Primary Collector's Name(s), which outlines the element structure used to codify a collector's name. A 'Per' Collector should be accommodated by appending  to the name of the last collector in the repeatable Agents/GatheringAgent (that with the largest @sequence attribute).

Example 1:

... <Agents> <GatheringAgent primarycollector="true" sequence="1"> <Person> <FullName>W. Bauerlen (per)</FullName> <SortingName>Bauerlen, W.</SortingName> <AtomisedName> <InheritedName>Bauerlen</InheritedName> <GivenNames>W.</GivenNames> </AtomisedName> </Person> </GatheringAgent> </Agents> ...

Example 2:

... <Agents> <GatheringAgent primarycollector="true" sequence="1"> <AgentText>Bauerlen, W. (per)</AgentText> </GatheringAgent> </Agents> ...

A boolean  attribute might reasonably be added to Agents/GatheringAgent in ABCD to enable this data to be more easily transferred.

cdat
Collection Date. Maps to Gathering/DateTime/ISODateTimeBegin.

The date on which this specimen was collected. If a second collection date is provided (see Second Collection Date), then this element contains the earlier collection date.

Examples:


 * for 1 November 2005
 * for an unknown day in March 1937
 * for an unknown day and month in 1899

Note that ABCD allows time information to be supplied also, for example.

cdat2
Second Collection Date. Maps to /Gathering/DateTime/ISODateTimeEnd.

The most recent date on which this specimen was collected. Used when a range of collection dates are provided (see Collection Date).

texcdat
General Text Collection Date. Maps to Gathering/DateTime/DateText.

A element which allows the description of imprecise collection dates which do not conform to ISO 8601 date standard. For example:



ckin
Kind of Collection & Additional Components Flag. Maps to KindOfUnit.

The type of physical material that this specimen record represents, such as sheet, packets, spirit, slides and the like. Does not include propagating material. Use any number of comma-separated values in alphabetic order from the set:



For example:.

HISPID 5 Suggested Restriction. The vocabulary of the element should be restricted to the values listed above. This restriction is by agreement, as it is not enforced in the schema, but it may be in future versions.

vou
Voucher Flag. Maps to MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Parameter =  + MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/IsQuantitative =   + MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue.

A common reason for collecting a specimen is to voucher some other scientific work. This element stores a textual indication of the class of project for which the specimen was collected.

HISPID 5 Suggested Restriction. The vocabulary of the element should be restricted to the values listed below. This restriction is by agreement, as it is not enforced in the schema, but it may be in future versions.


 * : ecological
 * : a flora project
 * : an illustration
 * : indigenous uses, ethnobotany
 * : living, including seed bank
 * : e.g. palynological
 * : to voucher a photograph
 * : phytochemical, pharmacological
 * : voucher for unknown purpose
 * : to voucher a photograph
 * : phytochemical, pharmacological
 * : voucher for unknown purpose

Example:

... <MeasurementOrFacts> <MeasurementOrFact> <MeasurementOrFactAtomised> <Parameter>Voucher</Parameter> <IsQuantitative>false</IsQuantitative> <LowerValue>cytological</LowerValue> </MeasurementOrFactAtomised> </MeasurementOrFact> </MeasurementOrFacts> ...

numshe
Number of Sheets, Parts. Maps to an extension to ABCD in HISPID 5: HispidUnit/NumberOfSheets.

The integer number of herbarium sheets, packets, boxes, etc., that make up the specimen represented by this record.

tcul
Type of Cultivated Material. Maps to an extension to ABCD in HISPID 5: HispidUnit/FieldCollectionComponent.

A code indicating the presence of living material for cultivation, gathered at the time of collection of this specimen. After discussion at the HISPID/ABCD meeting, it was agreed that the element needs to be extended in definition to "material types gathered at time of collection".

We cannot use BotanicalGardenUnit for this information, because strictly it is used for transferring data about living accessions i.e. the current unit is the living plant. However in HISPID, the unit is the voucher specimen and the elements tcul, prot and prohis relate to living material associated with the voucher. Therefore to transfer this data under these ABCD elements it would require creating a new unit for the living accession and then use the Associations elements to establish the link between the voucher and the living accession.

Allowed values:



prot
Provenance Type Flag. Maps to an extension to ABCD in HISPID 5: HispidUnit/ProvenanceType.

A code to indicate the provenance of the accession of living material represented by the herbarium voucher. Allowed values:


 * (Formerly .) Accessions derived by propagation directly from an original wild source plant. The method of propagation must be recorded in the Propagation History element. If the propagation is not directly from the original wild source plant, a complete history of the intermediate propagation steps must be known, otherwise the accession should be placed in the following category.
 * (Formerly .) Accessions derived by propagation directly from an original wild source plant. The method of propagation must be recorded in the Propagation History element. If the propagation is not directly from the original wild source plant, a complete history of the intermediate propagation steps must be known, otherwise the accession should be placed in the following category.


 * (Formerly .) Accessions derived from cultivated plants where the immediate source plant does not have a propagation history that can be traced in detail to a wild plant. This category normally includes all cultivars.
 * (Formerly .) Accessions derived from cultivated plants where the immediate source plant does not have a propagation history that can be traced in detail to a wild plant. This category normally includes all cultivars.


 * (Formerly .) Accessions where there is insufficient data or knowledge to know which of the three above categories applies.
 * (Formerly .) Accessions where there is insufficient data or knowledge to know which of the three above categories applies.


 * (Formerly .) Accessions which originate from material collected in the wild. The accession has not been propagated further, except in the case of plants that may have been grown on from the original stock. The accession may have come directly from the wild, or from a botanic garden or gene bank acting as a distribution centre. Accessions in this category will usually have accompanying collection data, but the category also includes accessions which are known to be of direct wild origin but which do not have such additional data.
 * (Formerly .) Accessions which originate from material collected in the wild. The accession has not been propagated further, except in the case of plants that may have been grown on from the original stock. The accession may have come directly from the wild, or from a botanic garden or gene bank acting as a distribution centre. Accessions in this category will usually have accompanying collection data, but the category also includes accessions which are known to be of direct wild origin but which do not have such additional data.

See tcul above for why we can't use the BotanicalGardenUnit element.

prohis
Propagation History Flag. Maps to an extension to ABCD in HISPID 5: HispidUnit/PropagationHistory.

A code to indicate the nature of the production of the living plant material vouched by the herbarium material, for use in association with the previous element, Provenance Type Flag. Allowed values:


 * : Individual Wild plant(s)
 * : Seed or plant arising from seed
 * : From open pollination (from the wild)
 * : From controlled pollination
 * : From plants that are isolated and definitely self-pollinated
 * : Plant material derived asexually
 * : From vegitative reproduction (including vegetative apomixis
 * : From apomictic cloning (agamospermy)
 * : Propagation history uncertain or no information

See tcul above for why we can't use the BotanicalGardenUnit element.

dont
Donor Type Flag. Maps to an extension to ABCD in HISPID 5: HispidUnit/DonorType.

A code to indicate the type of donor from which the accession was obtained. Allowed values:


 * : botanic garden or arboretum
 * : expedition
 * : gene bank
 * : herbarium [Note: This is a new value]
 * : horticultural association or garden club
 * : individual
 * : municipal department
 * : nursery or other commercial establishment
 * : other
 * : other research
 * : staff of institution to which record system applies
 * : university department
 * : unknown or not applicable

don
Donor. Maps to: SpecimenUnit/Acquisition/AcquiredFrom.

The person, institution or business from which the accession was obtained.

donacc
Donor's Accession Identifier. Maps to SpecimenUnit/History/PreviousUnits/PreviousUnit/PreviousUnitID.

The unique identifier from the previous institution's record system. Useful to help track the movement of an accession over time.

cnot
Collection Notes. Maps to /Gathering/Notes.

Free text plant notes describing the specimen as it was when collected.

fre
Frequency. Maps to an extension to ABCD in HISPID 5: HispidUnit/Frequency.

A free text description of the local abundance of the taxon represented by the record, without any perceived conservation status implied or provided, as recorded by the collector. Note that this is not the taxon's conservation status.

posnat
Plant Occurrence and Status Scheme 1. Maps to HerbariumUnit/NaturalOccurrence (new and as-yet undocumented in ABCD 2.06b). See also Native Status (Data Field 2) in the Plant Occurrence and Status Scheme (POSS) for more information.

A description of whether the plant is a native of the collection habitat or whether it is a naturalised introduction.

HISPID 5 Restriction. The vocabulary of the ABCD element is restricted to the following values, taken wholly from the above POSS standard. The vocabulary is a superset of that used in previous versions of HISPID.


 * : The taxon is indigenous within the area concerned, and there is evidence that it has a history there, or circumstantial evidence of occurrence in one or more natural or semi-natural plant communities.
 * : Assumed to be Native in the area concerned. The assumption may be made, for example, on the basis of evidence of vegetation community structure etc.
 * : There is doubt as to whether the status of the plant in the area concerned is native, as defined above, or not. All records about the native status of the plant in the area are in doubt.
 * : The plant is native, doubtfully native or assumed to be native in the area concerned and has become Extinct as such. The criterion of extinction is that the plant was not found (as a native) after repeated searches of known or likely areas (i.e. sites within the area covered by the record), even though the plant may be extant elsewhere.
 * : The plant is definitely not native (as defined above) in the area concerned.
 * : The plant has been recorded as native in the area concerned but all of those records have been disproved or discounted. A known fallacious native record must have been made, and it must be known that the plant does not occur as a native in the area to use this record.
 * : There is no information as to whether the plant is native or not in the area concerned.
 * : This is included so as to identify any situations that may arise which cannot be covered by the above values.
 * : This data field does not in any way apply to the plant in this area because there is no reason to believe the plant has ever occurred in the area concerned. No records exist for the plant's occurrence in the area, neither can it reasonably be "assumed" to occur there. Evidence should exist, in some form, to indicate that the plant does not occur in the area concerned.

poscul
Plant Occurrence and Status Scheme 2. Maps to: HerbariumUnit/CultivatedOccurrence (new and as-yet undocumented in ABCD 2.06b). See also Cultivated Status (Data Field 5) in the Plant Occurrence and Status Scheme (POSS) for more information.

A description of whether the plant occurs as a cultivated specimen or not, in the collection habitat.

HISPID 5 Restriction. The vocabulary of the ABCD element is restricted to the following values, taken wholly from the above POSS standard. The vocabulary is a superset of that used in previous versions of HISPID.


 * : The plant is established in cultivation in the area concerned. The purpose of cultivation, be it for horticultural, economic, conservation, research needs etc, is not specified, nor is the type of cultivation described, such as whether the plant occurs in botanic gardens, is grown as a farm crop or grown in greenhouses and other indoor settings.
 * : Assumed to be Cultivated in the area concerned. The assumption may be made, for example, on the basis of evidence about other species or neighbouring areas.
 * : There is doubt as to whether the status of the plant is cultivated or not in the area concerned. All records about the cultivated status of the plant in the area are in doubt.
 * : The plant was at one time cultivated, doubtfully cultivated or assumed to be cultivated in the area concerned and has become extinct in cultivation in this area, even though it may be extant elsewhere.
 * : The plant is definitely not cultivated (as defined above) in the area concerned.
 * : The plant has been recorded as Cultivated in the area concerned but all of those records have been disproved or discounted. A known fallacious record of cultivation must have been made, and it must be known that the plant is not cultivated in the area.
 * : There is no information as to whether the plant is Cultivated or not in the area concerned.
 * : This is included so as to identify any situations that may arise which cannot be covered by the above values.
 * : This data field does not in any way apply to the plant in this area because there is no reason to believe the plant has ever occurred in the area concerned. No records exist for the plant's occurrence in the area, neither can it reasonably be "assumed" to occur there. Evidence should exist, in some form, to indicate that the plant does not occur in the area concerned.

posint
Plant Occurrence and Status Scheme 3. Maps to an extension to ABCD in HISPID 5: HispidUnit/IntroductionAgency. See also Cultivated Status (Data Field 5) in the Plant Occurrence and Status Scheme (POSS) for more information.

A description of the method of introduction of non-native plants to the collection habitat.

The vocabulary used in HISPID 5 is a superset of that used in previous versions of HISPID:


 * : The plant is introduced and the agent is known to be man, whether accidental or deliberate. This example includes, for example, taxa that have escaped from cultivation and those that occur as a result of deliberate transplantation.
 * : The plant is introduced, but the agent is considered not to be man. The actual agent may be anything other than man, including wind, current and animals for example, as vectors. The evidence leads to the conclusion that the plant has arrived without man's direct influence. If the agency is unknown, then it must be known not to be man, i.e. it is sufficient that there is evidence that the means of introduction was not man, without knowing the actual means of introduction.
 * : The plant is known to be introduced, but there is no information about the nature of its arrival, and the introduction could have been made by man or natural agency. In many cases the means of introduction will not be known, and this value should be applied.
 * : This data field does not in any way apply to the plant in this area because the plant is definitely not introduced (as defined above) in the area concerned, or there is no information as to whether the plant is Introduced or not in the area concerned.

form
Habit, Life Form. Maps to an extension to ABCD in HISPID 5: HispidUnit/LifeForm.

A free text description of the habit or life form of the specimen on which the record is based.

phe
Phenology. Maps to an extension to ABCD in HISPID 5: HispidUnit/Phenology.

The phenological state of the specimen represented by this record.

HISPID 5 maintains the vocabulary of that used in previous versions of HISPID:



noncom
Non-computerised Data Flag. Maps to an extension to ABCD in HISPID 5: HispidUnit/NonComputerisedDataFlag.

A boolean indication of the presence of additional data available on the specimen and not represented in this record. Note that the vocabulary changed in HISPID 5 to  or   from the values   and   in previous versions.

misc
Miscellaneous Notes. Maps to Notes.

Any additional information to be transferred pertaining to the accession, but not catered for in the preceding fields.

numrep
Number of Replicates. Excluded from HISPID 5 because this information is probably not necessary for interchange, especially if the Destination of Replicates field is transferred.

desrep
Destination of Replicates. Maps to SpecimenUnit/DuplicatesDistributedTo (an element new to ABCD 2.06b). Note that HerbariumUnit/DuplicatesDistributedTo is not to be used as it is being phased out.

HISPID 5 Suggested Restriction. The vocabulary of the ABCD element should be restricted to one or more Index Herbariorum codes (where possible) separated by comma and space. This restriction is by agreement, as it is not enforced in the schema, but it may be in future versions.

loaid
Loan Identifier. Maps to HerbariumUnit/LoanIdentifier.

The unique institutional loan number applied with the loan sequence number to uniquely identify a specimen on loan.

loanum
Loan Sequence Number. Maps to HerbariumUnit/LoanSequenceNo.

The sequence of a specimen within a given loan, assigned with the Loan Identifier to uniquely identify a specimen on loan.

loades
Loan Destination. Maps to HerbariumUnit/LoanDestination.

Institution to which the loan is being sent.

HISPID 5 Suggested Restriction. The vocabulary of the ABCD element should be restricted to one or more Index Herbariorum codes (where possible) separated by comma and space. This restriction is by agreement, as it is not enforced in the schema, but it may be in future versions.

loabot
Loan for Botanist. Maps to HerbariumUnit/LoanForBotanist.

Name of botanist for whom the loan is destined.

loadis
Loan Despatch Method. Maps to: HerbariumUnit/LoanDespatchMethod. (The original HISPID 3 title for the element was "Loan Dispatch Method" to separate it from loades.)

The means by which the loan is being despatched from the home institution.

HISPID 5 Suggested Restriction. The vocabulary of the ABCD element should be restricted to one of the values below, which are similar to the vocabulary of earlier HISPID versions. This restriction is by agreement, as it is not enforced in the schema, but it may be in future versions.



loadat
Loan Date. Maps to HerbariumUnit/LoanDate.

The date the loan is prepared and/or sent.

Examples:



Note that the representation of the date changed in HISPID 5 from earlier versions.

loaret
Loan Return Date. Maps to HerbariumUnit/LoanReturnDate.

The date on which the loan is due to be returned to the home institution. See Loan Date for examples.

crenam
Record Creation Operator. Excluded from HISPID 5 because it is deemed to be uninteresting to any institution other than the source institution.

credat
Record Creation Date. Excluded from HISPID 5 because it is deemed to be uninteresting to any institution other than the source institution.

creins
Record Creation Institution. Excluded from HISPID 5 because it is deemed to be uninteresting to any institution other than the source institution.

modnam
Record Update Operator. Excluded from HISPID 5 because it is deemed to be uninteresting to any institution other than the source institution.

moddat
Last Edit Date. Maps to Unit/DateLastEdited.

Date of last modification of the record representing this specimen. Crucial to the synchronisation of records between institutions. See Loan Date for examples.

modins
Record Update Institution. Excluded from HISPID 5 because it is deemed to be uninteresting to any institution other than the source institution.